-11.72% is the change from 478 to 422
Calculation steps:
[( 422 - 478 ) ÷ 478] x 100 = -11.72%
Formula
Percentage change = [(422 - 478) / 478] x 100
Subtract the new number by the original number
422 - 478 = -56
-56 ÷ 478 = -0.11715481171548117
-0.11715481171548117 x 100 = -11.72%