-3.35% is the change from 478 to 462
Calculation steps:
[( 462 - 478 ) ÷ 478] x 100 = -3.35%
Formula
Percentage change = [(462 - 478) / 478] x 100
Subtract the new number by the original number
462 - 478 = -16
-16 ÷ 478 = -0.03347280334728033
-0.03347280334728033 x 100 = -3.35%