9.98% is the change from 491 to 540
Calculation steps:
[( 540 - 491 ) ÷ 491] x 100 = 9.98%
Formula
Percentage change = [(540 - 491) / 491] x 100
Subtract the new number by the original number
540 - 491 = 49
49 ÷ 491 = 0.09979633401221996
0.09979633401221996 x 100 = 9.98%