-13.28% is the change from 497 to 431
Calculation steps:
[( 431 - 497 ) ÷ 497] x 100 = -13.28%
Formula
Percentage change = [(431 - 497) / 497] x 100
Subtract the new number by the original number
431 - 497 = -66
-66 ÷ 497 = -0.13279678068410464
-0.13279678068410464 x 100 = -13.28%