-3.13% is the change from 512 to 496
Calculation steps:
[( 496 - 512 ) ÷ 512] x 100 = -3.13%
Formula
Percentage change = [(496 - 512) / 512] x 100
Subtract the new number by the original number
496 - 512 = -16
-16 ÷ 512 = -0.03125
-0.03125 x 100 = -3.13%