3.71% is the change from 512 to 531
Calculation steps:
[( 531 - 512 ) ÷ 512] x 100 = 3.71%
Formula
Percentage change = [(531 - 512) / 512] x 100
Subtract the new number by the original number
531 - 512 = 19
19 ÷ 512 = 0.037109375
0.037109375 x 100 = 3.71%