-7.36% is the change from 516 to 478
Calculation steps:
[( 478 - 516 ) ÷ 516] x 100 = -7.36%
Formula
Percentage change = [(478 - 516) / 516] x 100
Subtract the new number by the original number
478 - 516 = -38
-38 ÷ 516 = -0.07364341085271318
-0.07364341085271318 x 100 = -7.36%