-17.12% is the change from 520 to 431
Calculation steps:
[( 431 - 520 ) ÷ 520] x 100 = -17.12%
Formula
Percentage change = [(431 - 520) / 520] x 100
Subtract the new number by the original number
431 - 520 = -89
-89 ÷ 520 = -0.17115384615384616
-0.17115384615384616 x 100 = -17.12%