-13.6% is the change from 522 to 451
Calculation steps:
[( 451 - 522 ) ÷ 522] x 100 = -13.6%
Formula
Percentage change = [(451 - 522) / 522] x 100
Subtract the new number by the original number
451 - 522 = -71
-71 ÷ 522 = -0.1360153256704981
-0.1360153256704981 x 100 = -13.6%