-8.8% is the change from 523 to 477
Calculation steps:
[( 477 - 523 ) ÷ 523] x 100 = -8.8%
Formula
Percentage change = [(477 - 523) / 523] x 100
Subtract the new number by the original number
477 - 523 = -46
-46 ÷ 523 = -0.08795411089866156
-0.08795411089866156 x 100 = -8.8%