-4.78% is the change from 523 to 498
Calculation steps:
[( 498 - 523 ) ÷ 523] x 100 = -4.78%
Formula
Percentage change = [(498 - 523) / 523] x 100
Subtract the new number by the original number
498 - 523 = -25
-25 ÷ 523 = -0.04780114722753346
-0.04780114722753346 x 100 = -4.78%