-16.73% is the change from 538 to 448
Calculation steps:
[( 448 - 538 ) ÷ 538] x 100 = -16.73%
Formula
Percentage change = [(448 - 538) / 538] x 100
Subtract the new number by the original number
448 - 538 = -90
-90 ÷ 538 = -0.16728624535315986
-0.16728624535315986 x 100 = -16.73%