-16.54% is the change from 538 to 449
Calculation steps:
[( 449 - 538 ) ÷ 538] x 100 = -16.54%
Formula
Percentage change = [(449 - 538) / 538] x 100
Subtract the new number by the original number
449 - 538 = -89
-89 ÷ 538 = -0.1654275092936803
-0.1654275092936803 x 100 = -16.54%