-17.73% is the change from 581 to 478
Calculation steps:
[( 478 - 581 ) ÷ 581] x 100 = -17.73%
Formula
Percentage change = [(478 - 581) / 581] x 100
Subtract the new number by the original number
478 - 581 = -103
-103 ÷ 581 = -0.17728055077452667
-0.17728055077452667 x 100 = -17.73%