4.98% is the change from 623 to 654
Calculation steps:
[( 654 - 623 ) ÷ 623] x 100 = 4.98%
Formula
Percentage change = [(654 - 623) / 623] x 100
Subtract the new number by the original number
654 - 623 = 31
31 ÷ 623 = 0.04975922953451043
0.04975922953451043 x 100 = 4.98%