-26.23% is the change from 648 to 478
Calculation steps:
[( 478 - 648 ) ÷ 648] x 100 = -26.23%
Formula
Percentage change = [(478 - 648) / 648] x 100
Subtract the new number by the original number
478 - 648 = -170
-170 ÷ 648 = -0.2623456790123457
-0.2623456790123457 x 100 = -26.23%