-42.48% is the change from 831 to 478
Calculation steps:
[( 478 - 831 ) ÷ 831] x 100 = -42.48%
Formula
Percentage change = [(478 - 831) / 831] x 100
Subtract the new number by the original number
478 - 831 = -353
-353 ÷ 831 = -0.42478941034897716
-0.42478941034897716 x 100 = -42.48%