-1.6% is the change from 997 to 981
Calculation steps:
[( 981 - 997 ) ÷ 997] x 100 = -1.6%
Formula
Percentage change = [(981 - 997) / 997] x 100
Subtract the new number by the original number
981 - 997 = -16
-16 ÷ 997 = -0.0160481444332999
-0.0160481444332999 x 100 = -1.6%